The Procuniar\ier Chronicle
Volume I Issue XI March 1993
David's Corner
I received several letters stating that the last issue had January 1992 on it and should have been January 1993. Make note! Also several cousins complained that I didn't identify the people in the pictures at the top of page 59. So here goes.......... Donald Ray Procuniar and his sister (not pictured) Erin Sue Procuniar Atkins are the children of Samuel E. Procuniar and Winifred Joyce Weldon Procuniar. Sam and Joyce Procuniar now live in Sun City Center Florida. Their son Donald lives in Vestal, NY and Erin Procuniar Atkins lives in Arlington Texas. ..................... I want to welcome someone new to our clan and a new subscriber to the Newsletter. Clarence and Mary M. Scheaffer Rohrer who live in West Milton, Ohio. They both have been a great help in doing the Rohrer/Procuniar genealogy and supplying a lot of the Rohrer Pictures that have been seen in the newsletter! To follow their tree, look at page 58 on the right side of the tree of Christian F. Rohrer. Clarence was the 1st cousin once removed of Ralph Rohrer. Ralph was the son of Nettie Bell Procuniar Rohrer, and was married to Mary M. Scheaffer. See page 46 right column Ralph's cousin Clarence Rohrer lost his wife Thelma Marie English Rohrer in 1955 when she died giving birth to their second child Ricky Lee Rohrer who died at birth. Mary being left widowed with two small children and Clarence being widowed with one child, and seeing each other at family functions, fell in love and were married in August of 1957. The wedding was held in Mary's mother's house with just the immediate family present. There was no best man or bridesmaid. Clarence said that he forgot the wedding ring (he left it in a drawer in the other room), so when the minister asked for the ring, Clarence had to declare a time out, and go fetch the ring from the chest of drawers in another room. Clarence said it was so hot that August day, that his new suit was ringing wet. Clarence and Mary have been married for 35 years now!
Birthdays
I received more than one complaint about the way I did the birthdays in issue 10 page 54. So to keep everyone happy, I will not put birthdays in any more issues except when doing a tree or family group! My intention was not to emphasize any one's age!
Samuel Procuniar Lineage
Robert Arnold Procuniar (who lives in Crystal Lake Illinois, near Chicago, his picture is on page 6 and page 19) wrote to say that he will get on the band wagon, so to speak, (in response to my comments on page 55 at the bottom of the page) and spend some time at local cemeteries and libraries in and around the Chicago area, to see what he can come up with concerning his grandfather and grandmother John Franklin Procuniar and Agnes Basore Procuniar! Debby Klemp Volpe dropped me a message on CompuServe and also wrote a letter and said that she has been able to free up some time to do more family research and spend some more time planning a future Procuniar Reunion in 1993 or 1994. The highest concentration of Procuniar's is in the Chicago Illinois area. Robert Procuniar, Pam Procuniar Goldberg and Pat Horner Lamb have said they would be more than happy to help in planning a reunion. Those of you who would like to attend a reunion, please write Debby or call her and let her know. You may have some ideas that we can use! Debby Volpe 2909 Owl Drive; Rolling Meadows, IL 60008 (707/259-6148).
Isaac Procuniar son of Samuel Procuniar, has eluded all my research. Isaac had three children that I know of, Mary; John and Eva. .... See issue 2 page 4, to see where Isaac fits into the family .... Eva was the daughter of Isaac's second wife Sarah. The only thing I do know is that Isaac relocated to South Whitley, Whitley County Indiana. Isaac's first wife Elizabeth Jane William's could not read nor write. Isaac could sign his name and write letters, but his spelling was atrocious, as you can see in Isaac's letter to his younger brother Jacob ..... my great grandfather ..... dated May 8, 1881 as transcribed below:
Letter from Isaac Procuniar to Jacob Procuniar
The envelope read (written in Ink)
Jacob Procuniar
Corner Whealen and Hart
Dayton Ohio 3 cent stamp
I typed the letter as it was written, misspelled words and all
..... the letter was written in pencil .....
South Whitley May the 8the, 1881
Well Jacob i will you lines and let you no how we ar geting along we ar ingoying tolerabel good health at presant i recieved the leter with the Draft a coll Sadisfactory
Well Jacop i Bought a house rite east acros the Street from the arnold property that I lived in wen you was out here the hose Did Stand rite west acras the aley west when yo was hear it a too Storey house it has a good Sabel and good out hous and smoke house and a nomber 1 hogspen the house has a good Seler and all of the propety is in good trim as yo ar will find enney pase here
Well Jacop I had $350 Dolars in the Bank and I sold another lot for 250 Dolars more witch I will get this fall I hve to pay $1000 Dolars in cash for the propety I think I have got a good home for the money I get posession this fall he pays me rent to fall I could not have Bought and got posessin this Spring Wee stay whare we ar till fall I have 2 good lots yet and I think I will get a good prise for them for we ar going to get another railrode through here to Chicago they ar going to work rite away and I think propety will go verey hy here the people here think I got a verey Cheet propery I think that too or eles I would not halve bought at pesant
Well Jacop I am verey thankfull yo and Jonaten for not taking out that what I o yo and g Jonaten Just as soon as I Sell my lots I will make it all rite with yo Both We are having very fine wether here at presant I have got my potatoes and other truck planted the farmers ar about redy to plant there corn
I think of nothing more at perant rite soon and often
Isaac Percuniar
Jacop Percuniar
Note:
The draft Isaac was talking about, was a check for his share from the estate sale of his father Samuel Procuniar's farm on Valley Pike. The Jonaten he refers to, is his brother-in-law, Jonathan Evans, married to Isaac's sister Eliza Procuniar, see page 52 right column for more about Eliza.
The Bragunier Bros. of Kansas
In Issue 9 page 48 there is a Xerox copy of a letter sent to my great grandfather Jacob Procuniar from his first cousin Thomas D. Bragunier. The letterhead was very interesting to me, so I thought I would share some of the background, explaining how the Bragunier Bros. became the first in the country, at least in Kansas, to pioneer the term "CHAIN STORE". The four Bragunier brothers were Thomas D, Jeremiah, George W. and Charles William.
(First a little history on their family) ..............They were the children of William (Procunier) Bragunier and Caroline Grumbine. William was the son of Daniel Brockunier, and the brother of Samuel Procuniar my great great grandfather. William came to Dayton Ohio in 1834, right after his marriage to Caroline, to join his two older brothers, Samuel and David, who had already moved to Dayton Ohio in 1833. (SEE PAGE 44 right column "Last Month") While in Dayton, William and Caroline had two children, Daniel J. born August 13, 1835 and William H. born June 1837. William bought his first land in Dayton on 11 October 1836. His brother David bought land in Dayton on 20 September 1833. (David was not married while living in Dayton) David sold his land on 14 September 1838 and I have not found any records of David anywhere after 1838. William and Caroline's next child born was Thomas D.. Thomas D.'s civil war records show his birth as 1839, in Lawrence County Illinois. However William and Caroline were still living in Dayton Ohio in 1840, when they sold their land to Henry Wright on 27 November 1840. The recorded deed spells William's last name Procunier and Caroline signed the deed Caroline Procunier. William signed the deed with his mark "X". ........It's possible that William and Caroline were living in Illinois in 1839 when Thomas D. was born, then returned to Dayton in November of 1840 to sell their land, but I doubt it! ......... I looked in a 1992 Atlas, to find Lawrence County, (Lawrenceville Illinois). It is on the south eastern border of Illinois, on State Route #50, near the Indiana border. Why William chose to move from Dayton Ohio to Lawrence County Illinois is unknown to this author, as well as why William moved from Illinois to Marion and Indianapolis Indiana.
...................Back to the four Bragunier Bros. .....................
The Peabody (Kansas) Gazette December 20, 1923; the Peabody Gazette Herald January 8, 1931 and the Emporia (Kansas) Gazette April 11, 1940 all had lengthy articles on the four Bragunier brothers engaged in the mercantile business in Kansas after the Civil War. Thomas D. and Jeremiah worked in Indianapolis Indiana after they came out of the Army in 1864. They moved to Kansas in early 1866 and with about $900.00 cash capital, opened a grocery and feed store in Topeka. They enjoyed a good business and in February 1867 sent for their younger brother George W. to drive their grocery delivery wagon at $20.00 a month. Their store was on the northeast corner of Sixth and Kansas Avenue. In 1868 Thomas D. made a trip to Emporia and bought three lots on the south west corner of Fifth and Commercial Streets. In 1869 Thomas D. and Jeremiah sold the Topeka store and built on the lots in Emporia. Customers came for a hundred miles as Emporia was the end of the Santa Fe Railroad line. In February 1871 when the Santa Fe reached Strong City Kansas, Thomas D. and Jeremiah started younger brother George W. up in business in Strong City, but by March 1871 he closed the Strong City store and opened one in Florence, Kansas. This was open until July when the store was then moved to Newton. When the Santa Fe reached Wichita in May 1872 and Hutchinson in June 1872, the business in Newton went dead, so the store was sold in June 1872 and George W. went back to Emporia. At that time the youngest brother Charles William joined the group to make four in all. In the fall of 1872 a branch store was opened at Peabody, and in early 1874 business revived in Newton, so Jeremiah left Charles W. at Peabody and opened a store in Newton, where he ran it successfully until he died on 19 November, 1879. An old employee named C.A. Swendson was then put in charge of the Newton store and after several years Swendson eventually bought the store. The Emporia store acted as a supply depot for the branch store as well as retail store locally. Thomas D. and George W. would go to St. Louis every 60 days to buy a carload of supplies. They made money in Emporia, Newton and Peabody and if Thomas D. had retained his health they might not have sold the Emporia business in 1888. ........... A one cent post card was distributed in 1881, printed as follows:
George W. worked for 20 years on the road for the Poehler Mercantile Company after the sale of the Emporia store. Thomas D. was living in Cripple Creek in September 1908 with his mail sent to P.O. Box 346 W. Bennet Street, Cripple Creek, Colorado, when he furnished a statement for his older brother Daniel's wife's pension claim. It is understood that this business with stores in Emporia, Newton, Peabody and Florence was considered to have established the CHAIN STORE IDEA in Kansas. ...................... Thomas D. married Ann Hazelton Judson in March of 1866 in Peabody Kansas. In 1882 Ann secured a divorce from Thomas D. and she died in Topeka Kansas on October 3, 1892. They did not have any children. ........... Jeremiah married a Shawnee County girl, Sarah Roxana Rice on September 25, 1866 in Topeka Kansas. They had five children, all girls. Jeremiah's grandson is Brittian Bragunier Robinson, who in 1969 compiled 27 years of family research into a book called "Bragunier Family in America". Jeremiah died in 1879 and Sarah died in 1882. ............. George W. married Estell Boxter from New York, in 1874. All of the Bragunier stores were sold by 1888 so George went to work for the Nave-McCord Mercantile Company of St. Joseph, but went to work for the Poehler Mercantile Company when they opened in Emporia in 1900. George traveled almost continuously from 1887 until 1919 when he retired. George died of a stroke in 1940 and his wife Estell died in 1897. George married a second time in 1903 to Eva Xander who was from Olney Illinois at Osage City. George did not have any children. ...............
Charles William married Sarah Ann Mahood on September 23, 1874. Charles was only one week old when his mother Caroline died from complications after his birth. Charles was given to foster parents, Mr. and Mrs. Plank. Charles had five children and died in 1923. Sarah died in 1947. [SOURCE] ..... "Bragunier Family in America" by Brittian Bragunier Robinson.
John Franklin Procuniar Lineage
Patricia Elithe Horner Lamb...
lineage ...Agnes McNeill; Gertrude Procuniar; John F., ... wrote to let us know that she has a new granddaughter, Lauren Nicole Papi (#4134) born January 9, 1993 (5 lbs-4 ounces). Lauren is the daughter of Judy Lamb Papi (#3233) and Lawrence Richard Papi (#3234). Pat says that she is looking forward to our reunion and meeting as many of the clan as possible. Holly Procuniar Reynolds (#1238) (lineage ..... George; Hugh Clifford; John F.) wrote to say that she and hubby Rob had to stand by and watch their yard wash away in the heavy rains that pounded San Clemente California last month. Holly and Rob have been remodeling their dream house that sits up on a hill, with a view of the Pacific Ocean. Holly, brother Corey and their father George wrote to say that their grandmother\mother-in-law Esther Adelia Johnson (#4148) passed away February 12, 1993. We extend our deepest sympathy to their family!
David Procuniar
One thing that has always intrigued me, was finding the Dille Cemetery (on Valley Pike, Mad River Township, in Dayton Ohio), while I was mushroom hunting in a woods with my father and uncle's, when I was only 6 or 7 years old The fact that my father and uncle's seemed as surprised as I was to see the Procuniar name on several head stones, and the fact that they didn't seem to even know who these Procuniar's were, sent fear running up and down my spine. Seeing a cemetery stone with my name on it, was at the least, very shocking. There it was, my name, David Procuniar, in two inch letters, starring me in the face. I can remember that I didn't sleep very well the next few nights, wondering who this man was, who shared my name, and the fact that he had died in the Civil War. Later as a child, I had terrifying dreams of this David Procuniar, charging across a field in some famous Civil War battle, only to be shot down by a hail of bullets and become a statistic of the dead. However to my surprise, David died of Pulmonary Phthisis while being treated in a hospital at Camp Dennison, near Cincinnati Ohio, and not on a battlefield as I had dreamed as a child. The following two pages are from information I received from the National Archives in Washington DC ..................................
David C. Procuniar
David Procuniar is buried in the Dille Cemetery on Valley Pike, Mad River Township, in Dayton Ohio.
The photo above was taken in 1991
David's tombstone reads:
DAVID son of SAMUEL & CATHARINE PROCUNIAR
A Member of Company "C" 61st Reg. O.V.I.
DIED at Camp Dennison JUNE 30 1864
Aged 24 yrs 6 mo 4 dys
My dearest friends that dwell above
I now have gone to sea
And all my friends in Christ below
Will soon come after me.
If you know a realitive who was in the Civil War, and served with the North or the South, and you want to find out his Service Record, write to the NATIONAL ARCHIVES TRUST FUND P.O. Box 100221 Atlanta, GA 30384-0221 and ask for form NATF Form 80 (rev. 1-92). Ask for more than one form!
The following is a Soldiers song that was written in pen in the back of David's Diary:
THE GIRL I LEFT BEHIND ME
Whenever I turn to view the place
The tears doth fall and blind me
When I think on the charming grace
Of the girl I left behind me.
Oh, we're a hardy band of men
We fear not death not dangers
We're for the Union to a man
A gallant set of Rangers.
Chorus:
Hurrah, hurrah, for the "sixty first"
'Tis thus you'll ever find them
True to their Country, flag, and home
And the girl they've left behind them.
Our officers are brave and true
As well as noble hearted,
We're joined to the heart and hand
And hope to never be parted.
Chorus:
Hurrah, hurrah, for the "seventy third"
Tis thus you'll ever find them
True to their Country, flag and home
And the girls they've left behind them.
We show no mercy to the wrong
Nor rebels when we meet them
We give no quarter, nor retreat,
But with traitor's chains we'll bind them.
Chorus:
Hurrah, hurrah for the "thirty third"
Their wives and children we'll protect
And strive to never oppress them
And if injustice has been wrought
We'll speedily redress them.
Then three rousing cheers for the "7th"
We hope to never be parted
You'll find us ever brave and true
As well as noble hearted.
Chorus:
Hurrah, hurrah for the "thirty first"
And if upon the field of death
Our soldier cloaks shall winds us
Remember life was freely given
For the darling ones behind us.
Ye wives and sweet hearts far at home
We pray you all to mind us
Alas, we've more of grief than joy
In leaving you behind us.
Chorus:
Then shed a tear for the gallant 12th
If thus in death you find them
Who fought for Country, flag, and home
And the girls they left behind them.
Pray oft' that God may keep us safe
Whose hearts for home are swelling
That the girls we've left may welcome back
Their lost to every dwelling.
Chorus:
Then three rousing cheers, a "tiger" for the "Buckeye Boys"
May oppression never grind them
But peace and union bring them back
To the girls they left behind them.
________________________________________________
A point of interest ............. While Isaac Procuniar was writing the letter (on page 60) to his brother Jacob Procuniar in May of 1881, they were both trying to acquire land and buy or build a home for each of their families. At that same time in 1881, over in Tombstone, Arizona, the gunfight at the O.K Corral took place, with the Clanton and McLaury families against the Earp brothers and their ally Doc Holliday.
David Procuniar was born in Montgomery County Ohio, December 27, 1839 on his father's farm. David was one of nine children, the fifth child and the third son.
David worked on his father's farm as a laborer until he enlisted in the Civil War. The War wasn't going very well for the North in January 1862 and by then Stonewall Jackson had advanced into the Ohio Valley and threatened the safety of the Capital. Governor Todd issued a proclamation for 74,000 new troop's. (Ohio was ordered to overthrow Stonewall Jackson) Not enough men enlisted, so the "DRAFT" was ordered on September 15, 1862. David being very patriotic answered the governor's call for troops and enlisted on March 14, 1862. David carried a diary with him during his tour in the Civil War and our family has the original diary. A typed copy of this diary was included in the Procuniar Genealogy that was given to the Wright State University Archives in July 1991.
________________________________________________
Getting it right:
On page 38, left column, the 4th line down, should have read that I first contacted George Procuniar in 1991, not 1992.
COMPANY MUSTER ROLL
March 14, 1862 ....... Mustered into the service of the U.S.
(Dayton, Ohio for 3 years)
May 1, 1862 Present (Procunior) Calloway
June 30 1862 Present (Procunior) Randall
May 1 to Aug 31 1862 Present (Procunier) Randall
Sept & Oct 1862 Present (Procuniar) Randall
Nov & Dec 1862 Present (Procunier) Randall
Oct 31/62 to Feb 1863 Present (Procunear) Randall
Mar & Apr 1863 Present (Procunear) A H A Smith
Apr 10 1863 Present (Procunear) Constantine
May & June 1863 Present (Procunear) Constantine
July & Aug 1863 Present (Procunear) Constantine
Sept & Oct 1863 Present (Procunear) Constantine
Nov & Dec 1863 Present (Procunear) Constantine
Feb 29 to June 30 1864 Absent (Procunear) Constantine
Sick in Hospital, in "Nashville Tenn"
Feb 1864 Absent Battery Guard (Procunier)
April to June 1864 Absent .. sick in Hospital
June 30 1864 "died Camp Dennison in Hospital, of a disease"
David Procuniar appears on returns of the 82nd Reg't Ohio Inf Company "I"
March 1864 Gairs
March 14, 1864 Bridgeport Alabama
(transferred from 61st O.V.I. according to General Orders no. # _______)
On Duty at Bridgeport Alabama on March 25 1864
April 1864 Absent on duty at Bridgeport Alabama since March 25 1864
May 1864 Loss May 9 at Trickham GA, transferred to the 61st O.V.I. May 9th
1864 at Trickham Ga.
J.B. Shert
David kept a diary during his Civil War days, (March 14, 1862 through October 1, 1863) that has been kept in the Procuniar family for over 131 years. A manuscript of David's diary was included in the 1991 Procuniar Journal (a Supplement).
DCP
SIXTY-FIRST Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 876 men, Newton Schleich colonel, organized at Camp Chase, April 23 1862; left the state for Western Virginia May 27, 1862 ; was in active service in Virginia through 1862 and 1863, until September, 1863; then transferred to the Army of the Cumberland, reporting at Bridgeport, Alabama, October 1st; served in Tennessee and Kentucky; re-enlisted in March, 1864, furloughed, returned to Tennessee May 5th; took part in the Atlanta campaign, brigaded in Third Brigade, First Division, Twentieth Army Corps; November 15th joined in the "March to the Sea;" in 1865, while on the Carolina campaign was consolidated with the Eighty-Second Ohio Infantry, and as a distinct organization ceased to exist.
Ref: Military History of Ohio R 977.1 S844l (Dayton Library)
Last Days
The following is the family story of David Procuniar's last few days during the Civil War in June 1864
After hearing from David's commanding officer that David was dying of dysentery, (an uncurable ailment at that time) Jacob Procuniar, David's brother, left Dayton to pick up David in Baltimore and bring him back home. Five stops were made at hospitals on the way home. The last stop in Cincinnati at Camp Dennison, is where David died.
Reference ...Mary Elizabeth Procuniar Curl
According to official Civil War records, Regimental camp sites created sanitary problems that went unsolved. Typhoid fever, diarrhea, and dysentery took the lives of over 70,000 Union soldiers.
Information from the National Archives Trust Fund Board
Washington, DC 20408 NNRG
Received ... November 29, 1991
Private David Procuniar
61st Regiment of Infantry Volunteers of the State of Ohio
Company "C" Enlisted on March 14, 1862 Camp Chase Ohio for three years
Captain ... Captain L.W. Iewetts
His death notification is written
on a Discharge Form (A.G.O. No. 95-First)
RECORD OF DEATH AND INTERMENT
David Procuniar No# 406
Hospital NO# 14750
61 O.V.I. Private Co "C"
Residence before enlistment Montgomery County,
Harshmanville, Ohio.
Unmarried
Age of the deceased 25 years
Height 5 ft. 8 1/2 inches, light complexion, blue eyes, brown hair and by occupation, a farmer.
Cause of Death ... Pulmonary Phthisis
Died in Dennison Ufagen'l Hospital, Camp Dennison Ohio
AP Varian .... Surgeon U.S. Volunteer in Charge
Webster's definition
phthiriasis pediculosis
pediculosis state of being infested with lice
Note: Regimental camp sites created sanitary problems that went unsolved. Typhoid fever, diarrhea, and dysentery took the lives of over 70,000 Union soldiers.
Inventory of effects:
Knapsack 1 Socks 1
Haversack 1 Handkerchief 1
Canteen 1 Suspenders pr 1
Great Coat 1 Combs 2
Blanket 1 Brush 1
trousers pr 1 Pocket Book 1
Blouse 1 containing ....
Wool Hat 1 $3.00 greenbacks
Pocket Knife 1 $1.05 Postal Currency
39 cents postage stamps total $4.44
All of David's Effects were sent to his father Samuel Procuniar in Harshmanville, Ohio
David Procuniar #406 was "taken home" for Interment! (Form A.G.O. No. 104) June 30, 1864
COMPANY MUSTER ROLL
March 14, 1862 ....... Mustered into the service of the U.S.
(Dayton, Ohio for 3 years)
May 1, 1862 Present (Procunior) Calloway
June 30 1862 Present (Procunior) Randall
May 1 to Aug 31 1862 Present (Procunier) Randall
Sept & Oct 1862 Present (Procuniar) Randall
Nov & Dec 1862 Present (Procunier) Randall
Oct 31/62 to Feb 1863 Present (Procunear) Randall
Mar & Apr 1863 Present (Procunear) A H A Smith
Apr 10 1863 Present (Procunear) Constantine
May & June 1863 Present (Procunear) Constantine
July & Aug 1863 Present (Procunear) Constantine
Sept & Oct 1863 Present (Procunear) Constantine
Nov & Dec 1863 Present (Procunear) Constantine
Feb 29 to June 30 1864 Absent (Procunear) Constantine
Sick in Hospital, in "Nashville Tenn"
Feb 1864 Absent Battery Guard (Procunier)
April to June 1864 Absent .. sick in Hospital
June 30 1864 "died Camp Dennison in Hospital, of a disease"
David Procuniar appears on returns of the 82nd Reg't Ohio Inf Company "I"
March 1864 Gairs
March 14, 1864 Bridgeport Alabama
(transferred from 61st O.V.I. according to General Orders no. # _______)
On Duty at Bridgeport Alabama on March 25 1864
April 1864 Absent on duty at Bridgeport Alabama since March 25 1864
May 1864 Loss May 9 at Trickham GA, transferred to the 61st O.V.I. May 9th
1864 at Trickham Ga.
J.B. Shert
David kept a diary during his Civil War days, (March 14, 1862 through October 1, 1863) that has been kept in the Procuniar family for over 131 years. A manuscript of David's diary was included in the 1991 Procuniar Journal (a Supplement).
DCP
Civil War
Numbers and Losses
North /South *
Population 22,400,000 / 9,103,000 **
Military Age Group (18-45) 4,600,000 / 985,000
Trained Militia 1827-1861 2,470,000 / 692,000
Regular Army January 1861 16,400 / 0
Military Potential 1861 2,486,400 / 692,000
Total Individuals in Service 1861-1865 2,213,400 / 1,003,600
Total Strength July, 1861 219,000 / 114,000
Total Strength January 1863 962,300 / 450,200
Peak Strength 1864-1865 1,044,660 / 484,800
Army 980,100 / 481,200
Navy 60,000 / 3,000
Marines 3,860 / 600
Total Hit in Battle 385,100 / 320,000
Total Battle deaths 110,100 / 94,000
Killed in Battle 67,100 / 54,000
Died of Wounds 43,000 / 40,000
Wounded (not mortally) *** 275,000 / 226,000
Missing in Action 6,750 / ------
Captured **** 211,400 / 462,000
Died in Prison 30,200 / 26,000
Died of Disease 224,000 / 60,000
Other deaths 34,800 / -------
Desertions ***** 199,000 / 83,400
Discharged 426,500 / 57,800
Surrendered 1865 --------- / 174,223
* = Confederate figures are based upon the best information and estimates available.
** = Includes 3,760,000 slaves in the seceded states.
*** = A number of these were returned to duty. In the Union Army, those who were not fit for combat, were placed in the Veteran Reserve Corps and performed administrative duties.
**** = An undetermined number were exchanged and returned to duty.
***** = Many deserters returned to duty. In the Union Army, where $300 bounty was paid for a 3-year enlistment, it was not uncommon to find a soldier picking up his bounty in one regiment and then deserting to join another unit just for the additional bounty.
END
